Species

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Megachile concinna Smith, 1879

Note: Introducida desde África, posiblemente en el siglo XIX, en las Antillas, desde donde pasó a Estados Unidos (Eickwort, 1971; Krombein et al., 1979; Mitchell, 1980). Es interesante destacar que la localidad tipo de esta especie es una zona donde fue introducida (Santo Domingo) y no su área natural de origen (Genaro, 2007)
Megachile insularis Cresson - Wolcott, 1948Wolcott, G.N. 1948. The insects of Puerto Rico. The Journal of Agriculture of the University of Puerto Rico 32 (4):749-975. (distribution); Genaro & Franz, 2008Genaro, J.A. & N. Franz 2008. The bees of Greater Puerto Rico (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila). Insecta Mundi 40:1-21. (We examined the specimens recorded by Wolcott (1948) as “M. insularis Cresson” that were identified by Karl V. Krombein (located in MEBT-MC and UPRM), these are actually M. concinna. Wolcott (1936) apparently misunderstood the name Megachile singularis Cresson mentioned in Ashmead (1900) interpreting it to be Megachile insularis Cresson, distribution).
Megachile concinna Smith, 1879:79, ♀. ♀, St. Domingo (British Museum); Cockerell, 1905Cockerell, T.D.A. 1905. Notes on some bees in the British Museum. Transactions of the American Entomological Society 31:309-364.:341, Type (British Museum); Raw, 2004Raw, A. 2004. Leafcutter and Mason Bees: a biological catalogue of the genus Megachile of the Neotropics. :1-97.:41, Type ♀, examined (NHML, 17a2421); Raw, 2007Raw, A. 2007. An annotated catalogue of the leafcutter and mason bees (genus Megachile) of the Neotropics. Zootaxa 1601:1-127.:48, Type ♀ (NHML, 17a2421); Genaro & Franz, 2008Genaro, J.A. & N. Franz 2008. The bees of Greater Puerto Rico (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila). Insecta Mundi 40:1-21.:8, Holotype ♀ (BMNH). - Dalla Torre, 1896Dalla Torre, C.G. 1896. Catalogus Hymenopterorum hucusque descriptorum systematicus et synonymicus, X. Apidae (Anthophila). Sumptibus Guilelmi Engelmann, 1-643. (distribution); Ashmead, 1900Ashmead, W.H. 1900. Report upon the aculeate Hymenoptera of the islands of St. Vincent and Grenada, with additions to the parasitic Hymenoptera and a list of the described Hymenoptera of the West Indies. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London pt. II:207-367. (distribution); Friese, 1902Friese, H. 1902. Beitrag zur Apidenfauna der grossen Antillen. Zeitschrift für systematische Hymenopterologie und Dipterologie 1-2:196-201. (distribution); Wolcott, 1948Wolcott, G.N. 1948. The insects of Puerto Rico. The Journal of Agriculture of the University of Puerto Rico 32 (4):749-975. (distribution); Mitchell, 1962Mitchell, T.B. 1962. Bees of the Eastern United States. Volume II. Technical bulletin (North Carolina Agricultural Experiment Station) 152:1-557. (distribution); Krombein et al., 1979Krombein, K.V., P.D. Hurd, D.R. Smith & B.D. Burks 1979. Catalog of Hymenoptera in America North of Mexico. Volume 2. Apocrita (Aculeata). Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington D.C. 1199-2209. (distribution); Snelling, 1992Snelling, R.R. 1992. Guana and Mona Islands. Sphecos 23:12-14. (distribution); Genaro, 1994Genaro, J.A. 1994. Adiciones a la lista de himenopteros cubanos (Megachilidae, Pompilidae). Cocuyo 1:6. (distribution); Pascarella et al., 1999Pascarella, J.B., Waddington, K.D. & Neal, P.R. 1999. The Bee Fauna (Hymenoptera: Apoidea) of Everglades National Park, Florida and adjacent areas: Distribution, Phenology, and Biogeography. Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society 72 (1):32-45. (distribution); Raw, 2004Raw, A. 2004. Leafcutter and Mason Bees: a biological catalogue of the genus Megachile of the Neotropics. :1-97. (distribution), 42 (biology); Portuondo Ferrer & Fernández Triana, 2004Portuondo Ferrer, E. & J.L. Fernández Triana 2004. Biodiversidad del orden Hymenoptera en los macizos montañosos de Cuba oriental. Boletín de la Sociedad Entomológica Aragonesa 35:121-136. (distribution); Yáñez-Ordóñez & Hinojosa-Díaz, 2004Yáñez-Ordóñez, O. & I. Hinojosa-Díaz 2004. La colección himenopterológica (Insecta) del Museo de Zoología Alfonso L. Herrera de la Facultad de Ciencias, UNAM, México. Acta Zoológica Mexicana (nueva serie) 20 (1):167-197. (distribution); Snelling, 2005Snelling, R.R. 2005. Wasps, ants, and bees: Aculeate Hymenoptera. In: Lazell, J. (Ed.). Island: Fact and Theory in Nature. 283-296. (distribution); Pascarella, 2006Pascarella, J.B. 2006. The bees of Florida. . (distribution); Genaro, 2007Genaro, J.A. 2007. Las abejas (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila) de la Hispaniola, Antillas. Boletín de la Sociedad Entomológica Aragonesa 40:247-254. (distribution); Raw, 2007Raw, A. 2007. An annotated catalogue of the leafcutter and mason bees (genus Megachile) of the Neotropics. Zootaxa 1601:1-127. (distribution); Genaro, 2008Genaro, J.A. 2008. Origins, composition and distribution of the bees of Cuba (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila). Insecta Mundi 52:1-16. (distribution); Genaro & Franz, 2008Genaro, J.A. & N. Franz 2008. The bees of Greater Puerto Rico (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila). Insecta Mundi 40:1-21. (distribution); Perez-Gelabert, 2008Perez-Gelabert, D.E. 2008. Arthropods of Hispaniola (Dominican Republic and Haiti): A checklist and bibliography. Zootaxa 1831:1-530. (distribution); Hall & Ascher, 2010Hall, H.G., & J.S. Ascher 2010. Surveys of bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila) in natural areas of Alachua County in North-Central Florida. The Florida Entomologist 93 (4):609-629. (distribution); Gibbs, 2012Gibbs, J. 2012. A new species of Habralictus Moure from Dominica, Lesser Antilles (Hymenoptera, Halictidae). ZooKeys 168:1-12. (distribution); Meurgey, 2016Meurgey, F. 2016. Bee species and their associated flowers in the French West Indies (Guadeloupe, Les Saintes, La Désirade, Marie Galante, St Barthelemy and Martinique) (Hymenoptera: Anthophila: Apoidea). Annales de la Société Entomoloqique de France (N.S.) 52 (4):209-232. (distribution); Owens et al., 2018Owens, B.E., L. Allain, E.C. van Gorder, J.L. Bossart & C.E. Carlton 2018. The bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea) of Louisiana: An updated, annotated checklist. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 120 (2):272-307. (distribution); Sagot et al., 2018Sagot, P, J. Mérida, R. Ayala & R. Vandame 2018. Situación actual del conocimiento de la fauna de abejas (Apoidea: Anthophila) del estado de Chiapas, México. In: (Ed.). Memorias X Congreso Mesoamericano sobre Abejas Nativas. 191-2011. (distribution); Perez-Gelabert, 2020Perez-Gelabert, D.E. 2020. Checklist, bibliography and quantitative data of the arthropods of Hispaniola. Zootaxa 4749:1-668. (distribution); Meurgey & Ramage, 2020Meurgey, F. & T. Ramage 2020. Challenging the Wallacean shortfall: A total assessment of insect diversity on Guadeloupe (French West Indies), a checklist and bibliography. Insecta Mundi 786:1-183. (distribution); Nava-Bolaños & Osorio-Olvera, 2022Nava-Bolaños, A. & L. Osorio-Olvera 2022. Estado del arte del conocimiento de biodiversidad de los polinizadores de México. Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad 93:1-77. (distribution).
Megachile multidens Fox, 1891:345, ♂♀. 8 ♂♂, 5 ♀♀, Kingston; Raw, 2004Raw, A. 2004. Leafcutter and Mason Bees: a biological catalogue of the genus Megachile of the Neotropics. :1-97.:42, Type, USNM 1863 ? (ANSP, 10402); Raw, 2007Raw, A. 2007. An annotated catalogue of the leafcutter and mason bees (genus Megachile) of the Neotropics. Zootaxa 1601:1-127.:49, Type ♀ or ♂ (ANSP 10402/USNM 1863); Genaro & Franz, 2008Genaro, J.A. & N. Franz 2008. The bees of Greater Puerto Rico (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila). Insecta Mundi 40:1-21.:8, Syntype ♀ (ANSP). - Fox, 1891Fox, W.J. 1891. On a collection of Hymenoptera made in Jamaica during April, 1891. Transactions of the American Entomological Society 18:337-348. (distribution); Dalla Torre, 1896Dalla Torre, C.G. 1896. Catalogus Hymenopterorum hucusque descriptorum systematicus et synonymicus, X. Apidae (Anthophila). Sumptibus Guilelmi Engelmann, 1-643. (distribution); Ashmead, 1900Ashmead, W.H. 1900. Report upon the aculeate Hymenoptera of the islands of St. Vincent and Grenada, with additions to the parasitic Hymenoptera and a list of the described Hymenoptera of the West Indies. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London pt. II:207-367. (distribution); Friese, 1902Friese, H. 1902. Beitrag zur Apidenfauna der grossen Antillen. Zeitschrift für systematische Hymenopterologie und Dipterologie 1-2:196-201. (distribution); Crawford, 1914Crawford, J.C. 1914. Hymenoptera, superfamilies Apoidea and Chalcidoidea, of the Yale-Dominican expedition of 1913. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 47:131-134. (distribution); Raw, 2004Raw, A. 2004. Leafcutter and Mason Bees: a biological catalogue of the genus Megachile of the Neotropics. :1-97. (distribution); Genaro, 2007Genaro, J.A. 2007. Las abejas (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila) de la Hispaniola, Antillas. Boletín de la Sociedad Entomológica Aragonesa 40:247-254.:250 ( listed as synonym of Megachile concinna Smith, 1879); Raw, 2007Raw, A. 2007. An annotated catalogue of the leafcutter and mason bees (genus Megachile) of the Neotropics. Zootaxa 1601:1-127. (distribution); Genaro & Franz, 2008Genaro, J.A. & N. Franz 2008. The bees of Greater Puerto Rico (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila). Insecta Mundi 40:1-21.:8 ( listed as synonym of Megachile concinna Smith, 1879); Gibbs, 2012Gibbs, J. 2012. A new species of Habralictus Moure from Dominica, Lesser Antilles (Hymenoptera, Halictidae). ZooKeys 168:1-12. (distribution).
Megachile tenuicornis Cockerell, 1937:241 - Raw, 2007Raw, A. 2007. An annotated catalogue of the leafcutter and mason bees (genus Megachile) of the Neotropics. Zootaxa 1601:1-127.:49 ( listed as synonym of Megachile multidens Fox, 1891).

FotoID: 8384
Species: Megachile concinna Smith, 1879
Attribution: USGS Bee Inventory and Monitoring Lab from Beltsville, Maryland, USA / Public domain
Location: Domincan Republic

FotoID: 8389
Species: Megachile concinna Smith, 1879
Attribution: USGS Bee Inventory and Monitoring Lab from Beltsville, Maryland, USA / Public domain
Location: Puerto Rico

FotoID: 8383
Species: Megachile concinna Smith, 1879
Attribution: USGS Bee Inventory and Monitoring Lab from Beltsville, Maryland, USA / Public domain
Location: Puerto Rico

FotoID: 8387
Species: Megachile concinna Smith, 1879
Attribution: USGS Bee Inventory and Monitoring Lab from Beltsville, Maryland, USA / Public domain
Location: Puerto Rico

FotoID: 8388
Species: Megachile concinna Smith, 1879
Attribution: USGS Bee Inventory and Monitoring Lab from Beltsville, Maryland, USA / Public domain
Location: Puerto Rico

FotoID: 8379
Species: Megachile concinna Smith, 1879
Attribution: USGS Bee Inventory and Monitoring Lab from Beltsville, Maryland, USA / Public domain
Location: Domincan Republic

FotoID: 8385
Species: Megachile concinna Smith, 1879
Attribution: USGS Bee Inventory and Monitoring Lab from Beltsville, Maryland, USA / Public domain
Location: Puerto Rico

FotoID: 8386
Species: Megachile concinna Smith, 1879
Attribution: USGS Bee Inventory and Monitoring Lab from Beltsville, Maryland, USA / Public domain
Location: Domincan Republic

FotoID: 8381
Species: Megachile concinna Smith, 1879
Attribution: USGS Bee Inventory and Monitoring Lab from Beltsville, Maryland, USA / Public domain
Location: Domincan Republic

FotoID: 8380
Species: Megachile concinna Smith, 1879
Attribution: USGS Bee Inventory and Monitoring Lab from Beltsville, Maryland, USA / Public domain
Location: Puerto Rico

FotoID: 8382
Species: Megachile concinna Smith, 1879
Attribution: USGS Bee Inventory and Monitoring Lab from Beltsville, Maryland, USA / Public domain
Location: Domincan Republic

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Area distribution map

map of Megachile concinna     Smith, 1879

Distribution

BRBBarbados
(Meurgey, 2016)
CODCongo, Democratic Republic of the (= Zaire)
(Raw, 2004 [as Megachile multidens Fox, 1891]; Raw, 2007 [as Megachile multidens Fox, 1891])
CUBCuba
(Genaro, 1994; Portuondo Ferrer & Fernández Triana, 2004; Snelling, 2005; Genaro, 2007; Genaro, 2008 introduced; Genaro & Franz, 2008; Meurgey, 2016)
CUB-CieCuba - Cienfuegos
(Raw, 2007)
CUB-HabCuba - La Habana
(Raw, 2007)
CUB-SaCCuba - Santiago de Cuba
(Raw, 2007)
DMADominica
(Crawford, 1914 [as Megachile multidens Fox, 1891]; Genaro, 1994; Raw, 2004 [as Megachile multidens Fox, 1891]; Snelling, 2005; Genaro, 2007; Raw, 2007; Raw, 2007 [as Megachile multidens Fox, 1891]; Genaro & Franz, 2008; Gibbs, 2012; Gibbs, 2012 [as Megachile multidens Fox, 1891]; Meurgey, 2016)
DOMDominican Republic
(Smith, 1879; Dalla Torre, 1896; Ashmead, 1900; Friese, 1902; Raw, 2004; Genaro, 2007; Raw, 2007; Meurgey, 2016)
FRA-SaBFrance - Saint Barthélemy
(Meurgey, 2016)
GHAGhana
(Raw, 2004; Raw, 2007)
GLPGuadeloupe
(Meurgey, 2016; Meurgey & Ramage, 2020)
HISHispaniola
(Genaro, 1994; Snelling, 2005; Genaro, 2007; Genaro & Franz, 2008; Perez-Gelabert, 2008 introduced; Perez-Gelabert, 2020 introduced)
HTIHaiti
(Meurgey, 2016)
JAMJamaica
(Fox, 1891 [as Megachile multidens Fox, 1891]; Ashmead, 1900 [as Megachile multidens Fox, 1891]; Friese, 1902 [as Megachile multidens Fox, 1891]; Genaro, 1994; Raw, 2004 [as Megachile multidens Fox, 1891]; Raw, 2004; Snelling, 2005; Raw, 2007 [as Megachile multidens Fox, 1891]; Genaro, 2007; Raw, 2007; Genaro & Franz, 2008; Meurgey, 2016)
MEXMexico
(Genaro, 1994; Snelling, 2005; Genaro, 2007; Genaro & Franz, 2008; Meurgey, 2016; Nava-Bolaños & Osorio-Olvera, 2022)
MEX-CdZMexico - Coahuila
(Yáñez-Ordóñez & Hinojosa-Díaz, 2004; Raw, 2007)
MEX-ChsMexico - Chiapas
(Sagot et al., 2018)
MEX-JalMexico - Jalisco
(Raw, 2004; Raw, 2007)
MEX-SonMexico - Sonora
(Raw, 2004; Raw, 2007)
MTQMartinique
(Meurgey, 2016)
PRIPuerto Rico
(Wolcott, 1948 [as Megachile insularis Cresson]; Wolcott, 1948; Snelling, 1992; Genaro, 1994; Raw, 2004; Snelling, 2005; Genaro, 2007; Raw, 2007; Genaro & Franz, 2008 not present [as Megachile insularis Cresson]; Genaro & Franz, 2008; Meurgey, 2016)
SENSenegal
(Raw, 2004; Raw, 2007)
TCDChad
(Raw, 2004; Raw, 2007)
USAUnited States
(Genaro, 1994; Snelling, 2005; Genaro & Franz, 2008)
USA-ALUnited States - Alabama
(Mitchell, 1962; Krombein et al., 1979; Raw, 2004; Raw, 2007)
USA-AZUnited States - Arizona
(Krombein et al., 1979; Raw, 2007)
USA-CAUnited States - California
(Mitchell, 1962; Krombein et al., 1979; Raw, 2004; Raw, 2007)
USA-COUnited States - Colorado
(Raw, 2007)
USA-DCUnited States - Washington D.C.
(Mitchell, 1962; Raw, 2007)
USA-DEUnited States - Delaware
(Raw, 2007)
USA-FLUnited States - Florida
(Mitchell, 1962; Krombein et al., 1979; Pascarella et al., 1999; Raw, 2004; Pascarella, 2006 introduced; Hall & Ascher, 2010)
USA-GAUnited States - Georgia
(Mitchell, 1962; Raw, 2007)
USA-IDUnited States - Idaho
(Raw, 2007)
USA-INUnited States - Indiana
(Dalla Torre, 1896 [as Megachile multidens Fox, 1891])
USA-KSUnited States - Kansas
(Krombein et al., 1979; Raw, 2004; Raw, 2007)
USA-LAUnited States - Louisiana
(Raw, 2007; Owens et al., 2018 probably present)
USA-NCUnited States - North Carolina
(Mitchell, 1962; Raw, 2007)
USA-NJUnited States - New Jersey
(Raw, 2007)
USA-NVUnited States - Nevada
(Krombein et al., 1979; Raw, 2007)
USA-NYUnited States - New York
(Raw, 2007)
USA-OHUnited States - Ohio
(Mitchell, 1962; Krombein et al., 1979; Raw, 2004)
USA-OKUnited States - Oklahoma
(Krombein et al., 1979; Raw, 2007)
USA-PAUnited States - Pennsylvania
(Mitchell, 1962; Krombein et al., 1979; Raw, 2004; Raw, 2007)
USA-SCUnited States - South Carolina
(Raw, 2007)
USA-TNUnited States - Tennessee
(Mitchell, 1962; Raw, 2007)
USA-UTUnited States - Utah
(Raw, 2004; Raw, 2007)
USA-WAUnited States - Washington
(Raw, 2004; Raw, 2007)
USA-WVUnited States - West Virginia
(Raw, 2007)
VGBVirgin Islands (British)
(Snelling, 2005)

Literature

  • Ashmead, W.H. 1900. Report upon the aculeate Hymenoptera of the islands of St. Vincent and Grenada, with additions to the parasitic Hymenoptera and a list of the described Hymenoptera of the West Indies. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London pt. II:207-367.
  • Cockerell, T.D.A. 1905. Notes on some bees in the British Museum. Transactions of the American Entomological Society 31:309-364.
  • Crawford, J.C. 1914. Hymenoptera, superfamilies Apoidea and Chalcidoidea, of the Yale-Dominican expedition of 1913. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 47:131-134.
  • Dalla Torre, C.G. 1896. Catalogus Hymenopterorum hucusque descriptorum systematicus et synonymicus, X. Apidae (Anthophila). Sumptibus Guilelmi Engelmann, 1-643.
  • Fox, W.J. 1891. On a collection of Hymenoptera made in Jamaica during April, 1891. Transactions of the American Entomological Society 18:337-348.
  • Friese, H. 1902. Beitrag zur Apidenfauna der grossen Antillen. Zeitschrift für systematische Hymenopterologie und Dipterologie 1-2:196-201.
  • Genaro, J.A. 1994. Adiciones a la lista de himenopteros cubanos (Megachilidae, Pompilidae). Cocuyo 1:6.
  • Genaro, J.A. 2007. Las abejas (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila) de la Hispaniola, Antillas. Boletín de la Sociedad Entomológica Aragonesa 40:247-254.
  • Genaro, J.A. 2008. Origins, composition and distribution of the bees of Cuba (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila). Insecta Mundi 52:1-16.
  • Genaro, J.A. & N. Franz 2008. The bees of Greater Puerto Rico (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila). Insecta Mundi 40:1-21.
  • Gibbs, J. 2012. A new species of Habralictus Moure from Dominica, Lesser Antilles (Hymenoptera, Halictidae). ZooKeys 168:1-12.
  • Hall, H.G., & J.S. Ascher 2010. Surveys of bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila) in natural areas of Alachua County in North-Central Florida. The Florida Entomologist 93 (4):609-629.
  • Krombein, K.V., P.D. Hurd, D.R. Smith & B.D. Burks 1979. Catalog of Hymenoptera in America North of Mexico. Volume 2. Apocrita (Aculeata). Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington D.C. 1199-2209.
  • Meurgey, F. 2016. Bee species and their associated flowers in the French West Indies (Guadeloupe, Les Saintes, La Désirade, Marie Galante, St Barthelemy and Martinique) (Hymenoptera: Anthophila: Apoidea). Annales de la Société Entomoloqique de France (N.S.) 52 (4):209-232.
  • Meurgey, F. & T. Ramage 2020. Challenging the Wallacean shortfall: A total assessment of insect diversity on Guadeloupe (French West Indies), a checklist and bibliography. Insecta Mundi 786:1-183.
  • Mitchell, T.B. 1962. Bees of the Eastern United States. Volume II. Technical bulletin (North Carolina Agricultural Experiment Station) 152:1-557.
  • Nava-Bolaños, A. & L. Osorio-Olvera 2022. Estado del arte del conocimiento de biodiversidad de los polinizadores de México. Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad 93:1-77.
  • Owens, B.E., L. Allain, E.C. van Gorder, J.L. Bossart & C.E. Carlton 2018. The bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea) of Louisiana: An updated, annotated checklist. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 120 (2):272-307.
  • Pascarella, J.B. 2006. The bees of Florida. .
  • Pascarella, J.B., Waddington, K.D. & Neal, P.R. 1999. The Bee Fauna (Hymenoptera: Apoidea) of Everglades National Park, Florida and adjacent areas: Distribution, Phenology, and Biogeography. Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society 72 (1):32-45.
  • Perez-Gelabert, D.E. 2008. Arthropods of Hispaniola (Dominican Republic and Haiti): A checklist and bibliography. Zootaxa 1831:1-530.
  • Perez-Gelabert, D.E. 2020. Checklist, bibliography and quantitative data of the arthropods of Hispaniola. Zootaxa 4749:1-668.
  • Portuondo Ferrer, E. & J.L. Fernández Triana 2004. Biodiversidad del orden Hymenoptera en los macizos montañosos de Cuba oriental. Boletín de la Sociedad Entomológica Aragonesa 35:121-136.
  • Raw, A. 2004. Leafcutter and Mason Bees: a biological catalogue of the genus Megachile of the Neotropics. :1-97.
  • Raw, A. 2007. An annotated catalogue of the leafcutter and mason bees (genus Megachile) of the Neotropics. Zootaxa 1601:1-127.
  • Sagot, P, J. Mérida, R. Ayala & R. Vandame 2018. Situación actual del conocimiento de la fauna de abejas (Apoidea: Anthophila) del estado de Chiapas, México. In: (Ed.). Memorias X Congreso Mesoamericano sobre Abejas Nativas. 191-2011.
  • Smith, F. 1879. Descriptions of new species of Hymenoptera in the collection of the British Museum. Taylor and Francis, 1-240.
  • Snelling, R.R. 1992. Guana and Mona Islands. Sphecos 23:12-14.
  • Snelling, R.R. 2005. Wasps, ants, and bees: Aculeate Hymenoptera. In: Lazell, J. (Ed.). Island: Fact and Theory in Nature. 283-296.
  • Wolcott, G.N. 1948. The insects of Puerto Rico. The Journal of Agriculture of the University of Puerto Rico 32 (4):749-975.
  • Yáñez-Ordóñez, O. & I. Hinojosa-Díaz 2004. La colección himenopterológica (Insecta) del Museo de Zoología Alfonso L. Herrera de la Facultad de Ciencias, UNAM, México. Acta Zoológica Mexicana (nueva serie) 20 (1):167-197.